Hmong (RPA) Flag of Laos

"RPA" indicates Hmong language material written in the Romanized Popular Alphabet (RPA). For Hmong text written in Thai script, one should use the Thai braille translator.

There is only one DBT template for Hmong (RPA): Hmong (RPA) - Basic.

For the details about the DBT translator used by Hmong (RPA): click here.

Uncontracted Braille

This language is usually produced in uncontracted braille, which means that words in the text are rendered in braille on a one-for-one basis: one braille character for each inkprint letter. Some inkprint punctuation may require more than one braille character. Indicating upper case, emphasis, or numbers also adds braille characters to the character count. However, the braille contains no abbreviations or contractions.

If you have questions about producing correct braille, please contact a member of the appropriate braille authority.